Robert Lockwood came to America from Combs,  Suffolk, England on one of the 11 ships  known as the Winthrop Fleet,  He arrived in 1630 in Boston as part of the Swell Migration and was the first large wave of families to come to America.  Migration continued until Parliament was reconvened in 1640, at which point the scale dropped off sharply. The English language Ceremonious State of war began in 1641, and some colonists returned from New England to England to fight on the Puritan side. Many and so remained in England, since Oliver Cromwell  backed Parliament every bit an Independent.

The Great Migration saw 80,000 people leave England, roughly 20,000 migrating to each of four destinations: Ireland, New England, the West Indies, and kingdom of the netherlands. The immigrants to New England came from every English county except Westmorland; almost one-half like Robert Lockwood were from East Anglia.  The colonists to New England were by and large families with some pedagogy who were leading relatively prosperous lives in England. One modernistic writer, even so, estimates that 7 to ten percent of the colonists returned to England after 1640, including almost a third of the clergymen.

The Great Puritan Migration in the 1630s:

Led by Puritan lawyer, John Winthrop, the company left England in April of 1630 and arrived in New England in June where they settled in what is now mod solar day Boston and established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The colony became the largest colony in New England and was hugely successful.  Some sources state that the reasons for the Massachusetts Bay colonist's migration were far more complicated than only the quest for religious freedom.

According to the book The Puritan Experiment: New England Guild from Bradford to Edwards, the Massachusetts Bay puritans felt a moral obligation to live the way God commanded and felt that by doing and then they could serve as a religious example to others which, in turn, would help reform England and Christianity:

"Simply they [the puritans] did believe that they had a responsibility to atomic number 82 exemplary lives both individually and collectively and that by doing so they likewise were cooperating with God'due south plan and serving a redemptive function. They believed, in the words of John Winthrop, that 'we shall exist as a City upon a Hill. The eyes of all people are upon us.' In coming to the New World, co-ordinate to Winthrop, the colonists were accepting the terms of a covenant with God. If they lived properly, maintained a true faith, and upheld God's ways, they would be blessed and their case would inspire others….Winthrop was non lonely in explaining that the purpose of the new England was to re-grade the old. Other Puritans who recorded their reasons for settling Massachusetts emphasized the redemptive function they hoped to perform. Edward Johnson, who was non 1 of the colony's leaders, wrote in his Wonder-Working Providence of Sion's Savior in New England that the purpose of the colony was to 'exist set every bit lights upon a hill more obvious of New England equally 'holding forth a significant demonstration of the consistency of Civil-Government with a Congregational-way.'"

When the old planter colonies in New England began to fail, the Massachusetts Bay Colonists believed it to be a penalisation from God for establishing a colony for financial reasons rather than religious ones, according to Cotton fiber Mather in his book Magnalia:

"There were more a few attempts of the English to people and ameliorate the parts of New England which were to the northward of New Plimouth. Just the designs of those attempts beingness aimed no higher than the advancement of some worldly involvement, a constant series of disasters has confounded them, until there was a plantation erected upon the nobler designs of Christianity; and that plantation, though it has had more adversaries than perhaps any ane upon world, yet, having obtained aid from God, it continues to this day."

The Massachusetts Bay Colony took over the Dorchester Company's failed planter settlements, such every bit Gloucester, as well as some of the Plymouth Company's failed settlements, such every bit Hull and Weymouth, in the 1630s and 40s.

In the 1630s, droves of Puritans soon began to flock to New England, peculiarly after 1633, when King Charles appointed William Laud every bit the new Archbishop of Canterbury and he began rooting out nonconformity in the church building.

Laud launched a widespread crackdown on dissidents similar the Puritans which led to a surge in Puritan migration to the colonies, according to the volume Library of World History: Containing a Record of the Human being Race:

"Charles I also attempted to plant the Episcopal Church building on a firmer basis, and to suppress Puritanism in England and Presbyterianism in Scotland, with the view of checking the rapid growth of republican principles among the English people. For the purpose of accomplishing this end, the male monarch appointed the zealous William Laud, Bishop of London, to the nobility of Archbishop of Canterbury…Archbishop Laud, who thus became the chief amanuensis in a religious tyranny which almost collection both England and Scotland to revolt, improved every opportunity to preach submission to the 'Lord's All-powerful' in the payment of taxes; and he demanded from English language Puritans and Scotch Presbyterians a strict conformity to his own rules for public worship…Archbishop Laud's ecclesiastical tyranny led to a large Puritan emigration to New England. Patents were secured and companies organized for that purpose. The Puritans proceeded reluctantly to the identify of embarkation, with their eyes looking longingly toward the distant refuge of the Pilgrim Fathers across the billowy deep, all the same moist with tears equally they turned their backs upon their native state and upon scenes that were dear to them: their hearts swelling with grief every bit the shores of 'Dearest Old Mother England' faded from their sight, yet rising to lofty purposes and sublime resignation as they abandoned dwelling and country to relish the blessings of religious liberty in a strange land. They fully counted the cost of their forced migration – the peril, poverty and hardships, of their new homes in the American wilderness."

Yet some other source, the book Exile and Journeying in Seventeenth-Century Literature, states that the Massachusetts Bay colonist's reasons for migrating were fifty-fifty more than varied than that and were also based on economic reasons:

"Information technology should be noted that the reasons for leaving England were various, and involve economic science as well as religious factors; often the decision to migrate to New England came not out of a specifically Puritan alienation from Laudian reforms, but rather from local influences, such as the decision of a neighbor, a minister, or, more immediately, a patron or employer to depart across the Atlantic. However the leaders deep sense of departure can be seen in their successful effort to send the charter of the colony with them to Massachusetts, effectively cutting off any administrative interference from the homeland. The decision by Winthrop and others to lead a migration westward certainly came from a sense that the Puritan cause in England had faltered, but its faltering, in many means, may have been effected by the Puritans own conservatism and 'absorption into the fabric of English society.' Winthrop and Thomas Dudley, the Earl of Lincoln's steward, for instance, represented important propertied interests in New England, and went with the Crown'southward permission to the New Earth, not just to found a godly community, but also, according to their own representations, to farther the cause of England in the burgeoning Atlantic commercial world. The Massachusetts Bay Colonists, a rather different set of migrants from those who left Leiden for Plymouth a decade earlier, often included prominent gentlemen and ministers or their servants leaving the mainstream of English language society."

Who Were The Puritan Migrants?

Massachusetts Bay Colonists tended to be middle-class and ordinarily migrated in family units, according to an commodity on the New England Historical Guild website:

"Nearly of the Puritans who came to New England were prosperous middle-course families. They were different from the poor, single male immigrants who predominated immigration to other regions of America. They were highly literate and skilled, unlike the immigrants to Virginia, 75 pct of whom were servants."

Although Puritan migrants came from nearly every county in England, the greatest groups of these migrants came from Eastern and Southern England, especially the E Anglian counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex; London, Hertfordshire and Kent; and the southwestern counties of Wiltshire, Somerset, Dorset, and Devon.

According to the book, British Atlantic, American Borderland, two specific groups of migrants came from these areas:

"From this considerable expanse, 2 major migrant streams tin be identified: first, a migration of families, fatigued mainly from E Anglia, the Home Counties, and the West Country, who had Puritan sympathies; second, a migration of unmarried, young men, drawn from London and Devon, who were attracted by prospects of employment in agriculture, trades, and the fishery. The migration from East Anglia – approximately 38 percent of total migrants in one study – comprised mainly of families, focused on the Boston area. During the early on seventeenth century, East Anglia was a middle of religious nonconformism. Many of the migrants from the area were Puritans, who feared religious oppression in England, and wished to join Puritan leader John Winthrop in building a 'holy city upon the hill' in the New World. Similar Puritan congregations existed in the Domicile Counties and the Westward State. Equally the migration got underway, migrants oft recruited other family members likewise equally friends to join them, creating a concatenation of migration across the Atlantic. Detail towns and villages in England became linked to specific townships in New England. Hingham, Massachusetts, drew 40 percentage of its families from East Anglia, most of them from the Hingham area in Norfolk. Other family migrations most probable linked eastern Kent to the South Shore of Boston (Scituate, Plymouth, Sandwich), the Wiltshire/Berkshire area to the Merrimack Valley (Salisbury, Newbury, Amesbury), and southwest Dorset to the Due south Shore (Dorchester) and the Connecticut Valley (Windsor.) The migrations from London and Devon were much dissimilar. Although both sent families to New England, the migrations appear to have been weighted toward single, young men, comprising peradventure a tertiary of total male migrants."

Migrants who went to the Chesapeake and the West Indies tended to be indentured servants from London. A modest fraction of indentured servants were also sent to New England too though, probably contracted to merchants and tradesman who themselves had emigrated from London and Boston, England.

In fact, many of the migrants sent to the angling settlements in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine were indentured servants contracted by merchants in Barnstable, Plymouth, and Dartmouth.

What Brought the Great Puritan Migration to an End?

A couple of factors brought the Great Puritan Migration to an terminate effectually 1640-1642. These factors were the establishment of the Long Parliament in 1640 and the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642.

The Long Parliament, which was an English Parliament held from 1640 to 1660, restructured the regime, limited the power of the rex and punished King Charles' advisers, such as Archbishop Laud, for their actions, co-ordinate to the volume Early European Civilizations:

"The Long Parliament met in no uncertain temper. Information technology proceeded to assault Charles' primary directorate and finally beheaded the Earl of Strafford and Laud. Parliament protected itself against the king. Information technology provided for meetings of Parliament at least every 3 years. It abolished the Courts of the Star Bedroom and High Commission."

According to the introduction of a 1908 edition of John Winthrop's Periodical, History of New England, 1630-1649, this had a large touch on on Puritan migration to New England, and "immigration suddenly ceased; with the opening of the Long Parliament the grievances which had driven into exile so many of the non-conformists no longer pressed heavily."

Up to the time of the Long Parliament in 1640, the average number of emigrants to New England had been virtually 2,000 a year.

This new power struggle inside the English government so led to the English language Civil State of war in 1642. Not only did the war also halt whatsoever further emigration to the colonies, but it is estimated that between 7 to 11 percent of colonists returned to England after the outbreak of the war, including almost i-third of clergymen, to assist in the state of war effort.

According to the book British Atlantic, American Frontier, English emigration stopped for the remainder of the colonial period:

"The outbreak of the English language Ceremonious War in 1642 brought the migration to a close; for the rest of the colonial period, only a few hundred settlers trickled in, more often than not Scots-Irish who settled at Londonderry, New Hampshire."

Even though English migration to the surface area was nonexistent for nearly two hundred years, the population of the New England colonies grew chop-chop during that time.

This was due to an equal remainder of males and females in New England, a salubrious environment that led to longer life spans and the tendency of couples marrying at a young historic period and having large families of typically seven to eight children, with at least six or vii of those children surviving to adulthood.

In 1650, the total population of New England was most 22,800 and by the eye of the next century information technology had grown to 360,000 and by 1770 it was about 581,000.